![]() Surgical resection seems to cure arrhythmias caused by RAAAs. Possible complications in RAAA include arrhythmias (most commonly atrial tachyarrhythmias, atrial flutter, and atrial fibrillation ), thromboembolic events, and rupture of the wall of the aneurysm. Dyspnea, palpitations, and/or thromboembolic phenomena are the most common clinical presentations. Most patients with RAAA are asymptomatic and are often identified incidentally during cardiac imaging evaluation. Sporadic cases have been documented from newborns to the eighth decade of life. Most cases are diagnosed during adulthood, commonly during the third decade of life. Our search of the PubMed database did not yield any case reports of infants with RAAA and congenital kidney disease, with this case being perhaps one of the first reported. ![]() Owing to the possibility of a genetic link between renal birth defects and congenital heart diseases, with some studies demonstrating 30% co-occurrence, we support screening patients with congenital renal disease for possible congenital heart anomalies. Suggested mechanisms that could facilitate the creation of an RAAA without the existence of other structural abnormalities and without elevated right atrial pressure include defects of structural proteins, dysplastic pectinate muscles, and an abnormal collagen structure. ![]() The majority of cases are congenital with unknown etiology and, until now, no concrete genetic predisposition has been established. RAAA is a very rare condition, especially in infants, characterized by the dilatation of the right atrial appendage (RAA). ![]()
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